An Analysis Of Potential Factors Influencing The Sustainability In Global Economic Sectors

Nurmalitasari; Singgih Purnomo; Tubagus Achmad Darodjat

doi:10.98765/apjbet.v4i05.271

Nurmalitasari Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta
Singgih Purnomo Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta
Tubagus Achmad Darodjat Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep-Thailand

DOI: https://doi.org/10.98765/apjbet.v4i05.271

Keywords: Sustainability, Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions, Machine Learning Models, Global Economic Sectors, Economic Growth

Abstract

The sustainability of global economic sectors is increasingly crucial amidst growing environmental challenges, particularly the need to address greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As global economies strive to balance economic growth with environmental responsibility, it is essential to understand the factors driving GHG emissions to formulate effective sustainability strategies. This study investigates the influence of key economic factors—Value Added, Employment, Energy Carrier Net Total, and Year—on GHG emissions across various regions and sectors. The urgency of the problem lies in the need to mitigate emissions to meet global climate targets, such as those outlined in the Paris Agreement, while ensuring long-term economic viability and preventing resource depletion. The primary objective of this research is to analyze the factors influencing GHG emissions in global economic sectors and provide a data-driven foundation for stakeholders to develop sustainable strategies. Using machine learning models, including Linear Regression, Random Forest Regressor, XGBoost Regressor, and Gradient Boosting Regressor, the study evaluates the relationships between independent variables (economic output, employment, energy use, and time) and GHG emissions. The dataset consists of 49 regions and 163 industrial sectors over a 28-year period. The results highlight Energy Carrier Net Total as the most significant factor driving GHG emissions, particularly in energy-intensive industries such as manufacturing and transportation. While Value Added and Employment also impact emissions, their influence is secondary to energy use. The study further emphasizes the importance of sector-specific and region-specific policies that promote energy efficiency and renewable energy adoption. This research is beneficial for policymakers, industries, and NGOs by providing a strong foundation for developing targeted strategies that reduce emissions without compromising economic growth. It advocates for energy-efficient practices, cleaner technologies, and green policies that foster sustainable development in global economic sectors, contributing to the global transition towards a low-carbon economy.